Certified Medical-Surgical Registered Nurse Practice Test 2025 - Free Practice Questions and Study Guide

Encouraging deep breathing exercises is critical in preventing respiratory complications in post-operative patients. After surgery, particularly when patients are under anesthesia, they can experience a decrease in lung capacity and an increased risk of atelectasis, which is the collapse of part or all of a lung. Deep breathing exercises help to expand the lungs, promote ventilation, and facilitate the clearance of lung secretions. This action is particularly important in enhancing oxygenation and preventing complications such as pneumonia, which can occur due to shallow breathing and reduced mobility post-surgery.

In contrast, encouraging bed rest may lead to further respiratory decline as patients may not be mobilizing enough to promote effective lung function. Limiting fluid intake can actually worsen respiratory status by leading to thicker secretions and a higher likelihood of obstruction. Similarly, restricting movements for 24 hours can inhibit the patient's ability to take deep breaths and cough effectively, contributing to poor respiratory outcomes. Thus, deep breathing exercises stand out as a proactive intervention to maintain lung function and prevent respiratory complications in post-operative care.